Ethnics in the media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ethnics in the media - Essay ExampleMoreover, these internal conflicts had become very severe over a period of seventeen years (National Union of Somali Journalists (NUSOJ)).The Somali journalists were subjected to violent attacks constantly, and the perpetrators of such violence were given(p) immunity. In fact, none of the perpetrators of crime against journalists had been prosecuted in Somaliland. There were some(prenominal) persons who had perpetrated attacks against journalists and media persons. They included officials of the Transitional national Government, guerrilla leaders, the opposition and gangsters. All these entities invented novel methods of violence to sup run the media and to prevent news coverage by journalists. They had cautioned the press and asked it to refrain from publishing or broadcasting information and policies (National Union of Somali Journalists (NUSOJ)).Journalists had to work in a very dangerous and hostile environment. They were abused in several ways, and directed to abstain from exposing the facts to the public. The Transitional Federal Government had imposed various restrictions on the freedom of press and the electronic media in the capital city. The Somaliland government had closed down five private radio stations that were based in the capital city. Furthermore, the regional Administration of Banadir had enacted restrictive laws, which aimed at curbing the freedom of press and media (National Union of Somali Journalists (NUSOJ)).There were several incidents, wherein the police had conducted illegal raids on the offices of newspapers in Somaliland. In one particular incident, the police and officials from the Criminal investigating Department raided the offices of the Haatuf Daily Newspaper, based in Hargeisa. After this raid, they took Yusuf Abdi Gabobe, Director of Haatuf Media Network into custody, along with several opposite journalists. The police and CID officials also arrested Ali Abdi Dini, Editor-in-Chief of Haatuf Daily Newspaper and its treasurer,

Differentiate between Management and Leadership Essay

Differentiate between Management and Leadership - Essay ExampleAs the musical composition stresses the terms management and lead storyership have been defined and discussed with different words and perceptions ever since their evolution. To better estimate the distinction between these two terms, it is imperative to have an insight into their meaning and essence. Bateman-Snell describes management as the sour of working with people and resources to accomplish organizational inclinations. Management is about having the work done through early(a) people under a set of pre-defined policies and procedures to fulfill the organizational goals. By the definition, a manager strives to give set goals through proper utilization of what is available him, in the form of human and other resources.This determine discusses that outstanding leaders combine good strategic substance and effective interpersonal processes to formulate and pr professice strategies that produce results and sustai nable competitive advantage. The definition reflects that true leadership never relies on accomplishing a goal only under some pre-defined policies. It takes to have the strategic substance blended with effective interpersonal processes to lead a team in a highly competitive environment. At the heart of leadership is the act of swiftly adapting the strategies to the demands of a given situation in the pursuit of obtaining the desired results. Bateman and Snell identify management in the spectrum of its four functions viz., planning, organizing, leading and controlling.

Cabinet Lock Controller Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cabinet Lock Controller - Assignment ExampleFor all that are not very conversant with whatever solution that is designed, just as the managing director who comes from a mechanical engineering background and so does not fully understand the diverese differences between the differing standards and the , real-time and strewn operating(a) systems platform that is applied here. For puposes of these sort of people, it is hence therefore vital to elaborate give a victimize explanation of the specification and proper explanations of the source codes that are give an explantion of the working of the digital lock console (Breitenstein & Langenkamp 2003).It has a project has been kept simple(a) and within the constraints of efficient coding to avoid the possibility of mix too many issues that would lead to hacking. The ideal thing that the cabinet lock would stand in legal community of is a Brute Force attack. This is the reason that this sort of solution on developed to come up with an e fficient digital lock for a cabinet is that there has to be effective permutations that will incur it almost impossible for an attacker. The basic cabinet lock that has been made for the company uses a set of quint Digits and a further Master Lock that uses another set of 10 digits. This makes it very hard, mathematically, for any substance abuser to crack the codes. The intruders that are trying to break into the system find that they just have to have the simple pass code for them to gain access to the cabinet. The way the program has been designed to run is that, there has to be a cycle using two buttons that will come up with the codes (out of the 16 codes that are available), the third button will select the code from these 16 codes and a trigger will be send and the authorization will be allowed (Al-Araji et al., 2006).The input of these codes that give the user with whatever login credentials and from any hallmark levels that would be applicable per se will be captured by a keypad (a 4x3 Keypad) The

Political Transitions in East and South East Asia Essay - 1

Political Transitions in eastern and South East Asia - Essay ExampleIt is considered undemocratic in the event that people are respected and dignified selectively and with discriminatory perspectives. This concept of majority rule illustrates that on some occasions the welfare of one or in force(p) a couple of people poop be subordinated by the interests of the bulk in order to fall upon a common good.It is important to note that democracy does not it whatever circumstances promote equivalence of condition like in communism. Equality of condition comes with favoritism and categorization into groups of similar characteristics. On the an separate(prenominal) hand, democracy promotes equality of opportunity. According to equality of opportunity, everyone has then freedom to develop his or her talent to heart and soul or as much as he or she cares to.Democracy is founded on the principle that the majority is more often right that wrong. When it comes to politics, democracy dictate s that the majority is better positioned to make sane political decisions as compared to the minority or a single individual. One ought to note that sometimes democracy is seen as a trial and error process in which some decisions may not be absolute exceed but eventually become satisfactory because of its support from then majority faction.Despite the fact that democracy seems to dwell so much on the majority, it is noteworthy that it does not overlook the minority entirely. On the other hand, democracy gives some respect to the minority. This is done by giving then minority a fortuity to join the majority faction through legal means. Additionally, democracy also ensures that then minority in a society is given equal chance as the majority to voice its views.Compromising can be defined as the process of adjusting, reconciling and blending competing views with the aim of finding common groundwork that is most acceptable to the largest number of stakeholders involved. Democracy dem ands for the

A study of communication strategies employed by Chinese EFL learners Literature review

A dissect of communication strategies employed by Chinese EFL learners in oral contexts - Literature review Example?....14 2.4 confabulation Problems of Chinese EFL Learners..15 References17 1. Introduction For communication to take place, a message needs to be transferred from the sender to the receiver. But sometimes the communication butt may break down when the intended message fails to be sent to the receiver. In those situations, the speaker will try to solve the problem and re-establish the conversation by adopting received techniques. These techniques argon commonly known as communication strategies (CSs). It was a term firstly coined by Selinker (1972) in his paper on Interlanguage. Selinker considered these strategies as one of the five processes central to second language learning. all told language users need communication strategies to help them convey their intended meaning. ... The time constraints of naturally-occurring conversations impose an extremely gruellin g burden on these learners, forcing them to retrieve curb TL items from their memory and respond quickly. As claimed by Wagner and Firth (1997), CS is a very prominent subdivision in speech production and therefore an important element in natural discourse (p. 342). 1.1 Definitions In the past three decades, a great amount of learned research and discussion has been generated on the nature, taxonomies and use of CSs (Dornyei and Scott, 1997). For so many years, however, the definition of CSs has still remained controversial. Although Selinker was the first to sic forward the term communication strategy, he did not dig deep into the nature of such(prenominal) strategies. The first ones to provide a definition of CS were Tarone and her associates (1976), who defined it as a systematic movement by the learner to express or decode meaning in the target language, in situations where the appropriate systematic target language rules have not been formed (p. 78). Moreover, Tarone (1980 ) emphasized that CS relate to a mutual attempt of interlocutors to guard on a meaning in situations where requisite meaning structures do not seem to be shared (p. 420). This definition introduces an interactional perspective. In Tarones words, communication strategies are seen as tools used in a joint negotiation of meaning where twain interlocutors are attempting to agree as to a communicative goal (p. 420). Simply put, it means that both parties in the communication process try to compromise on meaning by adjusting their perspectives to see just one meaning both of them understand, and this may include some repair mechanisms in the breakdown of

International Marketing Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

International Marketing - Term penning ExampleThis report provides a macro analysis of china, one of the fastest growing markets in the conception and which provides a suitable platform for a byplay to invest.One of the many admirable factors about chinaware is its political stability. This gives businesses the confidence of establishing and expanding their businesses as they are assured of enhanced security. China is a single troupe state which is governed and controlled by the Communist Party. The single party aspect reduces the chances of political wrangles and further reduces the chances of politicians interfering with the business operations (Hale and Long, 80). Though the tariffs in China are high, they have been drastically reducing over the prehistorical few years. However, the government still has a lot to do when dealing with e-commerce businesses. The legal framework take for e-commerce insufficiently addresses intellectual property, and consumer rights are yet to be satisfactorily addressed (Hartman and Brown, 2013). Even with the few challenges, the political environment in China provides a healthy platform for businesses to operate.The economic environment is the second more or less important factor (after political) in determining whether a business shall succeed in a country. Chinas economic environment has continued to be favourable to businesses, especially with the increasing demand. Based on nominal GDP and the purchasing power parity, China is ranked second, with the first position being the States (InvestinChina, 2014). It has constantly experienced an increase and growth in GDP by about 7 %, and its GDP, by 2013 stood at 9.82% (Shao and Gui, 2014). This depicts the promising market in China, and businesses that invest here have high chances of succeeding. In addition, the pompousness in China is lower as compared to many other developed countries, having a 2.5% inflation rate (InvestinChina, 2014) and an unemployment rate of 4.1 %. The growth in GDP is as depicted in the diagram

Voice over IP (VoIP) telephony Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Voice over IP (VoIP) telephony - Research Paper ExampleIn candid words it can be said that using VoIP applications a caller go away be adapted to avoid paying long distance international call charges and as well save expensive telecommunication hardware and infrastructure (Hallock, 2004, pp.5-8). The principles of VoIP are similar to traditional digital telephony in that the former also involves channel setup, signaling, conversion of analog voice signals into digital signals, encoding and decoding. The difference with traditional digitized telephony is that the encoded VoIP digital signals are transmitted over packet-switched networks as Internet Protocol or IP packets instead of existence transmitted over circuit-switch network. This concept of packet-switched data delight is based on the principles of time-division multiplexing networks. The early business dish out provider models of VoIP were based on traditional telephonic networking only with difference on how the data would transfer across channels. The second generation providers of VoIP included the concept of closed networks for enabling private communication mingled with secured drug user bases. The Skype is one of the most popular second generation VoIP service providers whose technology offers their users free calls. merely the business model of Skype charges connection or access charges to customers to use private networks or public switched call networks (PSTN). The advantage of such model is that users requirements for hardware or software compatibility would be lessen and independent. The third generation of VoIP, mainly popularized by Google Talk, allows dynamic interconnection between any two user domains on the internet (Bianco, 2006, pp.365-367). Analysis of Existing Applications and Market Trends The main reason for the growth of VoIP over the long time is due to its popularity as a business data networks application. With the application of VoIP a business enterprise will be able to reduce its service and hardware follows by increasing productivity with customized telephony applications. VoIP technology ensures secured and consolidated telecommunication network for business enterprises. As the prices of bandwidth are falling, the internet telephony is increasingly becoming popular and more accessible to global customers. With the help of VoIP business critical culture could now be telecommunicated without any significant delays (which were more prominent in traditional international telecommunications) and thence increasing the efficiency of the company. Thus, one of the major reasons for quick acceptance of VoIP was cost efficiency that the companies could realize from the effectuation (Bergstrom, 2004, pp.17-18). (Source Tele Geography Research, 2008) The traditional telephone lines are replacing the medium of communication between business enterprises as well as households. A research has found that only the North American residential VoIP oper ate has grown over 31% CAGR (compounded annual growth rate) and it was a $1.25 billion VoIP service industry in the year 2005. (Source Word Press, 2011) The main drivers for the tremendous growth of VoIP can be attributed to some important VoIP characteristics including cost savings, reliability and easier functionality. SWOT Analysis The VoIP technology allows customers to make

Inter-Cultural Teams Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Inter-Cultural Teams - essay Example plenty who atomic number 18 assigned to inter-cultural team ups often begin working closely with a gathering of new team members, and the welfare of the new separate races to displace the welfare of the individual as the team attempts to build cohesiveness and a sense of interdependence. (Wellins, 1990, 76)As with self-management, the use of teams in the workplace in any case whitethorn best be thought of as lying on a continuum. At one end, teams with a low degree of interdependence represent of employees who rarely see each other and perform their tasks without exchanging teaching or materials.At the other end of the continuum, teams with a high degree of task interdependence consist of employees who frequently interact and constantly exchange materials and information to complete their tasks.1 On a passing interdependent team, successful task accomplishment obviously depends greatly on the interaction of employees. Our definition of a inter-cultural teams, however, implies really little variation. Thus, we assume that resistance to inter-cultural teams is, essentially, resistance to interdependent teams.The resistance to inter-cultural teams can be due to a persons philosophy about teamwork rather than to his or her views on particular task characteristics (such as a tasks degree of self-management).For example, when introduced to the idea of inter-cultural teams, an i... Thus, an employees philosophy about working in a highly interdependent fashion, rather than in an independent manner, may be a key factor in determining that individuals support of, or resistance to, inter-cultural teams. (Adler, 1997, 117)Collectivism versus individualismWhen pile value the welfare of the group more than the welfare of the individual, they are called collectivists. Hofstede defines collectivism as a tight social framework in which a persons identity is found in the social system and his or her belief is placed in group de cisions (1980b 48). People from socialistic cultures tend to put aside their own self-interests in deference to the interests of their group. For example, several studies have found that people in South Korea and Sweden (cultures that are highly collectivistic) disregard individual performance differences when determining employee rewards. Consistent with this, collectivists deal in cooperating rather than competing, following a group purpose rather than individual agendas, and promoting the welfare of the group over that of the individual members. In addition, people from collectivistic cultures fear being ostracized personally or livery shame to their group for behavior not contributing to the welfare of the group. Conversely, people in individualistic cultures tend to put forth and promote their own welfare over the interests of their group or organization (Hofstede, 1980a). People in the United Kingdom (a highly individualistic culture) had higher incidences of social loafing than did the Chinese (a highly collectivistic culture) when working on an interdependent group task. People in the United Kingdom also prefer reward distributions that

Research papers Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

papers - Research Paper ExampleThe investigate sh every(prenominal) also identify the challenges as healthful as the weaknesses of this servicing as provided by SMS mobile company, basing on the result from customer responses. Mobile usage was initially joint among very few individuals who could afford the service. These were the rich businessmen of very high esteem. Today, mobile services a widely used by the young people between fifteen and eighteen years of age. This research shall involve the various stages that assist in research. Field work will be done and preceded by armchair research that shall put down the report. The research methodology shall involver interviews among the young as well as questionnaires that will be administered to one hundred respondents. The questionnaires shall basically focus on the various features of the service such as service reply reliability as well as the duration of message delivery. The questionnaire shall also strain top find the avera ge e=ages of the respondents upon analysis. This will help find out the heavy users of the services and record their age bracket. The data obtained shall be analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The indicate for choosing questionnaires in the research is basically because of the test size. The sample size could be very large merely the sample selected represents the views of the others due to the uniformity of mobile services. The questionnaires are very precise and do not hear to know the name of the respondents. This then encourages and increases accuracy in the data collection exercise. QUESTION 2 The stolon port commensurate computers were introduced in early 1975 around California. With advancement in technology in which virtually all leading manu positionurers of computers have gone through, very reliable high-speed portable computers have been introduced in the market place and are widely used today in businesses as well as personal venture s. imputable to the generation that has witnessed the development made in the side of computer advancement, the young people have been receptive more into the use of these computers. The ultimate difference or challenge in the use of these computers is the cost of acquiring a computer. This has led to the fact that only those with a reasonable income. A research has been initiated to dig deeper into the fact and figures regarding the services offered by these computers that are unique in a way that only the young are able to manipulate the computers for results. The research shall seek to find out the challenges these computers have brought as well as the significance of these computers. The research shall target young people of reasonably stable income. The challenges and general report obtained shall be used to improve the market and satisfy the potential clients. The research shall begin by identifying the objectives as well as the research questions that will help identifying t he nature and scope of the study. This will lead to the sampling where a specific sample of those who will be involved in the research. The methodology shall involve the administration of questionnaires further scheduled interview shall be very effective. The effectiveness of these interviews is based on the fact that the respondents are able to demonstrate as well as show the challenges using the same computers that are in question. The sample size shall depend upon the number

The Methods of Statutory Interpretation Available to the Judiciary Essay

The Methods of Statutory adaptation Available to the Judiciary - Essay ExampleThe primary rules atomic number 18 the mischief rule, the literary and the golden rule. The tap also uses what is referred to as the purposive approach and typically enter the statutory interpretation process establish on a set of presumptions.4 This research study analyses how the judiciary uses these rules, presumptions and the purposive approach for maintain symmetry in the application of statutes. Presumptions The judiciary applies presumptions to guide them in the construction of statutes. There are essentially cardinal main presumptions apply by the judiciary. The first well known presumption is the presumption that penal laws are interpreted strictly in favour of the citizen.5 In R v Cuthbertson the House of Lords construed the Misuse of Drugs minute 1971 in favour of the defendant. Under the 1971 Act, forfeiture was permitted in respect of any items the court felt were associate to the off ence. However, the House of Lords rules that since the provision did not state conspiracy to commit the offence, but rather specified the veridical offence, forfeiture would not be permitted for a conspiracy offence under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971.6 different important presumptions include the presumption that statutes are not meant to alter the common law statutory turn offences are typically require the mental element of mens rea Parliament does not intend to usurp the courts jurisdiction and statutes do not have retrospective effect.7 There are also a number of linguistic or wrangle-based presumptions used by the judiciary in the interpretation of statutes. For example, the truism noscitur a sociis dictates that words take meaning from the context.8 The maxim noscitur a sociis was applied in Muir v Keay in relation to the construction of the Refreshment Houses Act 1860. Under the 1860 Act houses to which the 1860 Act referred were house that provided refreshments, refuge and entertainment to the public. It was held that entertainment in the context of the 1860 Act could not refer to theatre or harmony but rather applied to refreshment, reception and accommodations.9 Another instructive maxim related to the language of a statute used by the courts as a guide for the interpretation of statutes is expression unius exclusion alterius which direction that The express mention of one member of a class by implication excludes other members of the equivalent class.10 For instance should a statute use the word commonwealth it can be false that land includes mines. However, if the word is grouped together with other words such as lands, houses and coalmines it can be assumed that the word land does not refer to any other mines aside from coalmines.11 The maxim ejusedem generis is also used by the judiciary as an aid in the interpretation and application of statutes by reference to the language used. The maxim ejusdem generis presumes that where a statute p rovides a list of specific words, any general term be at the end of the list will be interpreted by reference to the list of specify words.12 Maxims are methods of linguistic interpretation that help the

Airport Improvement Program Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Airport Improvement Program - Essay ExampleSponsors are principally permitted to expend AIP money towards major airfield capital improvement efforts as well as repairs. Projects qualified for AIP funding include airport safety associated enhancements, improvement of capacity, protection of the environment in the airports and enhancement of security. The finances can also be used on professional services that come with the desirable projects i.e., plans, abide by services and designs. It should be noted that the operating expenses associated with the same projects are not eligible for AIP funding. The projects must wherefore be sufficiently justified apart from complying with federal requirements of procurement and environmental safety. In major essential airports, AIP grants cover 70% of the total eligible costs or 80% for implementation of noise programs. The wind of coverage for general aviation airports, reliever and small primary airports ranges from 90%-95% of the total c ost as per the statutory minimum requirements.AIP grants to airports are aimed to fund planning, development and implementation of noise compatibility projects at the public-use airports. In vagabond to be eligible for AIP grants therefore the airports must either be own by the public, privately owned but with scheduled services & a minimum of two thousand five hundred enplanements yearly. overly private airports designated as relievers by FAA are eligible. Inclusion in the NPIAS is another important eligibility requirement for AIP.AIP notes are generally used towards projects contributing to capital improvement at the airports. The funds can therefrom be expended on most of the airfield capital improvement projects and in some unique events on terminals, and hangars as well as some nonaviation developments. Professional services related to the projects are also eligible for funding. On the other hand, those projects associated operations in the airports and improvements that ar e revenue generating are typically not funded by AIP. Other

Epictetus Philosophy and Marion Jones Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Epictetus ism and Marion Jones - Essay ExampleIt is impossible to change destiny or even environment according to ones wishes. By trying to fight against the tide of predestined conditions, one creates misery for him ego. To be able to accept situations as they are, it is essential to be devoid of emotions. To be attached to sentiments is to be attached to worldly things that are temporary. If we do non involve ourselves emotionally with anything, and accept what nature has to offer us, we can live in unanimity and harmony with nature.Two measurements become important to keep ourselves in harmony with nature. The first step is to focus on our actions. Once we understand our actions, it becomes easier to respond appropriately. The second step is to understand the context in which the action occurred. The context helps us to comprehend why the actions happened. For both these factors to be useful, it is imperative that one obscure from the situation and action and is able to clini cally examine it. He implies this in his statement, When you are about to encounter some action, remind yourself what sort of action it is. (Handbook 4, trans. Hard).A human has no control over anything draw off himself. Epictetus believes that people need to maintain their prohairesis. This is kn birth as a persons moral character. It essential to be self satisfied in order to maintain morality. Every problem that one faces in life should be seen as an opportunity to strengthen the prohairesis. Only then can humans achieve eudaimonia. His theory and JonesIf we were to estimate a hypothetical situation of Epictetus meeting Jones before she took the performance enhancing medicates, we can safely assume that he would have been against the idea. Epictetus is very clear about his concept of Stoicism. Stoicism requires a pursuit of moral glorification. And it requires being lawful to ones nature. By using enhancers, Jones has strayed from the dictum of following nature. One cannot act antagonistically to legal laws and remain true to herself. Epictetus would have advised Jones to understand and accept her shortcomings and not attempt to be contrary to nature. He would have warned her that fame and victor are material goals and she should not compromise her integrity and prohairesis for something so tangible. His reasoning might have compelled him to deem that it was unacceptable on her part to try and outdo her capability.However, Jones realizes this only much later, when she states in an interview that I think that I absolutely should have to accept responsibility for breaking the law. But she does adhere to Epictetus eventually. She admits to drug abuse and pleads guilty. She accepts that she had been in the wrong and that to make mistakes is human. Jones does accept to her limitations, but only after she has been discovered and not before. If she were in sync with her integrity earlier, she would not have had to face the public humiliation. This proves t hat the pursuit of happiness done moral means is the best possible achievement in life and everything else is transitory. Even then, she manages to come to call with her failure as an athlete and an influential figure. She tries to figure out how she can help others by her own experience. In this way, she has in someway, adhered to Epictetus theory of reviewing ones actions. Prison and realizationsIt is imperative

Microeconomics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Micro sparings - term Paper ExampleTheir intent was to establish a national minimum standard of living and perk up the economy by regulating pay of the poorest social class. The outcomes from this grand experiment are varied. Social activists introduce that it prevents greedy businesses and heartless corporations from exploiting the lowest hire earners. Economists hypothesize that it may actually reduce employment and heighten the wounds of poverty. Politicians seek to justify the fairness to constituent consumers and small business owners (many of whom pay must pay irregular workers above their grocery store value). This paper will examine issues surrounding the Minimum Wage Law.Minimum wages ability to strengthen the economy remains subject to intense analysis and research. Legislators intend the law to provide workers and their families with a livable wage, yet many question whether it achieves that or whether it fits into our free market society. The parvenu Deal and its associated recovery programs were viewed by some as a drastic control of capitalist exploitation, involving a socially planned economy in which the depersonalized pursuit of private profit is subject to check at a thousand strategic points (MacIver 836). In spite of these goals, traditional capitalists contend that the law contributes to inflation, creates unemployment, and harms small businesses. some(a) go so far as to call it unconstitutional and counter to the spirit of free market economics.Regardless of whether minimum wage fits into our free market ideology, leaders have an obligation to implement policies that introduce significant overall benefits to the good of its citizens, especially those in the most need. This leads to three questions about regulating metrical unit pay First, is it necessary to alleviate suffering, hunger, or inhumane hardship? Second, is there a significant economic reward gained by the employing individuals at a minimum cost?

Managing Internationally across Business Systems Assignment

Managing Internationally across Business Systems - Assignment casefulIn this context, ACR engages a sort of a specific as salutary as a clear-cut financial transaction. It is regarded as a contract that is related to expected capabilities of mankind that enhances the trading activities between the problematical parties at every possible occasion. The contract possesses legitimate vital rules that are quite normative in nature as well as settlements amid the involved parties that assist them to make a particular scotch transaction successful. On the other hand, OCR signifies the engagement of contracts economically on the basis of trading of services and goods. In OCR, the transactions of activities between two parties take place without any initial settlements of conditions in order to practise trade. It has been apparently observed that transactional dependence is quite lower in the case of ACR owing to the reason that both buyer and sellers are competing with one another in trading activities by taking into concern certain major aspects that include economies of scale and cost of transaction among others. The terms as well as the conditions of the contracts in spite of appearance the circumstance of ACR are write and substantive in nature and takes place with varieties of procedures such as instruction and negotiation (Sako, 1992). In case of OCR, the buyers are observed to provide securities to limited suppliers. Moreover, the bidding process cleverness not take place in OCR due to higher transactional dependence between the buyers and the sellers. The suppliers within the compass of OCR tend to begin necessary activities based on oral communication with the parties prior to the attainment of the written orders (Sako, 1992). 1. Advantages and Disadvantages With regard to determine the advantages as well as the disadvantages of the particular sub-contracting system relating to the case of Tombow, it rump be stated that the pencil company typicall y follows the sub-contracting system of ACR (Harvard Business School, 1993). Advantages The advantages of the particular sub-contracting system i.e. ACR relating to the case of Tombow rout out be identified in the form of outsourcing of products that can be considered as a chief determinative for the company. One of the significant advantages of ACR that can be recognized in the case is that it facilitated the company towards reducing manufacturing be and made the company to pay much more emphasize upon minimizing the expenditures related to marketing as well as sales promotion and product development among others. These facets ultimately made Tombow to sell quality products in the business markets at a cheaper rate. Moreover, development in various products of the company and avoiding delays in delivery periods can also be considered the other decisive advantages of the sub-contracting system i.e. ACR in the case of Tombow. In relation to outsourcing of products, the gamble of c ompetition also gets reduced as the suppliers depend largely upon the business as well as the export markets of a company such as Tombow due to the effect of the

Compare the role of France and the United States in the Rwandan Essay

Compare the role of France and the United States in the Rwandan genocide and account for the differences you find - Essay patternIn the year 1990, the Tutsi decided to strike back and the Rwandese Patriotic Front was formed, comprised of Tutsi refugees who launched attacks from Uganda. A cease bolt was arranged done the intervention of the United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda, and the terms agreed to were intended to purify ethnic participation and power sharing, allow refugees to return to their homes and create a multi party state (Gourevitch, 1999). However, the Hutus did non want to share power and commenced a media campaign via the radio station RTML, to mobilize ordinary Hutus against Tutsis, resulting in the eruption of genocidal activity. The Presidents of both Rwanda and Burundi were killed on April 6, 1994, and that night a series of mass murders resulted, with the Belgian peacekeeping operation forces helpless to intervene in the crisis due to their role as peace keepers.(Gourevitch, 1999). Ten Belgian soldiers who were delegate to protect the Hutu Prime Minister were murdered, and one week after the conflict erupted, Belgium withdrew all its troops.On sixth April, the large scale killing of Tutsis commenced and resulted in almost 800,000 peck being killed over the short scotch of a few days, while the world looked on and did nothing. In summing up the reasons for the Rwandan genocide, Eltringham states that some view it as the result of ethnic hatred, others as a result of bad politics and power engagement, while yet others view it as the direct outcome of colonial and neo imperialist manipulations, and frugal frustrations, but the truth may be that all these elements combined to play a role in the crisis. (Eltringham, 2004xv).The occurrence of the genocide is a horrific event in recent human history, where thousands of innocent people died while the world stood by and did nothing. The United States is implicated for its role in t he Rwanda genocide mostly through its

Drug Trafficking in the United States Essay Example for Free

dose Trafficking in the join States EssayDrug trafficking has become an even bigger problem than ever before in the earthly concern today. Now days, more(prenominal) mickle argon buying, selling and using doses. To stack who do it, it is just a fast and easy way to get money, non subtle all the risks. Some dose dealers be even a cont blocke of the risk that comes with the action and they still do it anyways. There be many risks when transaction medicines and the risks are all different depending on what kind of drug it is and how addictive it is. Drugs are not save spreading fast through the streets, but today drugs and dealers have found their way into high give lessons systems. The most common drug in high school is ganja, more commonly k instantlyn as pot or weed, and hashish or hash. Although this drug is said to be harmless or not addicting, it can still be dangerous in many ways. This is the reason drug trafficking in the ground forces must be stopped. Il legal drug trafficking from Mexico into the united States is and has been killing our order of magnitude for many years.For decades, the border of the get together States with Mexico has been used to smuggle illegal drugs into the country with the intention to sell it for illegal usage. Many of the drugs come from Mexico or other South American countries where drugs are easily grown. Once the drugs are grown and packed, they are whence smuggled across the borders of Mexico and the fall in States. When the illegal drugs reach the United States, they are then distributed to many drug dealers around the country. These substances are then sold in our neighborhoods, our cities and states to those corrupted enough to purchase them.Sometimes the people that buy these large quantities of drugs have drug addictions, but a lot of the time its people that are addicted to money that sell to the addicts for a price of good profit. Customs Agents and x-ray devices that are at the borders are the only factors that need to be bypassed in order to successfully smuggle drugs into the United States. A lot of the times, illegal substances are stopped and confiscated at our borders. However, the effort to prevent the smuggling of drugs has not reached a one hundred percent success rate.Organized crime groups from Mexico have been smuggling marijuana into the United States since the early 1970s. Which may be surprising to some, being that president Richard Nixon declared a war on drugs in 1971. These groups maintain a wide range of associates, often related through family or regional ties to associates living in the United States. In my opinion this makes drug trafficking seem even more dangerous than it already is. Its scary enough that people are sneaking drugs into our country, but knowing that they live here and not knowing where or who is even scarier.According to Mark Kleiman, Most of the outlawed drugs consumed in the United States come through or from Mexico, and virt ually all the revenue of Mexican drug-trafficking organizations comes from gross sales to the United States. What this says to me is that the United States has got to be at the top of the charts for the largest illegal drug trafficking market. This also means that not only are other countries at fault for bringing illegal drugs into our country, but the drug dealers and drug users that live in our country are making the United States seem at fault as well for keeping the system going.If you ask me, the president of Mexico should worry about the amount of legal drugs departure his country and declare somewhat of a war on drugs wish well president Richard Nixon did in 1971. Although the war on drugs still continues, it at least makes it known that there is a solution in forward motion and shortlyer or later it go away be in effect. Mexico is the highway of the drug trade, not the destination-or so goes the conventional wisdom, says Malcolm Beith. (Newsweek. New York August 17, 2 009 Vol. 154, Iss. 7) The United States has been fighting a losing war against drugs for decades.Budgets have change magnitude dramatically over the last two decades and drug-related incarcerations consistently reach unfermented records yet drug problems correct adolescent drug abuse is increasing, overdose deaths are at record levels, heroin and cocaine are cheaper, more pure and more available than ever before, and wellness problems related to drugs, especially the spread of human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS are peaking. Meanwhile an expensive and ineffective policy is failing to work at a rate of speed that is sufficient enough. Drug problems can be reduced at less follow if we change course and start thinking and using strategies that actually work.At a time care this when the federal budget is limited programs need to be re-evaluated. Funding needs to go to programs that work. We need new ideas to save lives we cant afford to continue to be wrong. Police have done their jo bs with record arrests, drug seizures and record incarceration of drug offenders yet drug problems continue to worsen. Something different must happen soon before this growing problem becomes too out of hand. According to the National Coalition for Effective Drug Policies, there are a number of different things that may have to happen to ensure a change.These are, shift resources into programs that work, make treatment available on request like any other health service, prevent drug abuse by investing in American youth and providing them with accurate information, reduce law enforcement resources on the most dangerous and violent criminals, international drug control efforts should be demilitarized and accent on economic development, restore justice to the US justice system, respect states rights and allow new approaches to be tried, and make prevention of HIV and other blood borne diseases a top priority.This may seem like a lot on paper but in exchange for a better society it is no question that whatever needs to happen must happen quick. The war on drugs has now been going on for over forty years and our government still continues to fight hard to end it. As long as our government stays strong and continues to pursue this problem, I believe that it will one day happen. And possibly even more important than that, as long as we citizens of the United States stay strong and say no to drugs or drug activity, we will continue to grow as a country and make for a better place to grow and raise our children.

Web 2.0 Learning Essay Example for Free

Web 2.0 Learning EssayThe original wiki, The Portland Pattern Repository (Portland pattern repository, n. d) was created by plenteous Name Cunningham in 1995 (c2. com/cgi. wiki? WikiHistory reference properly if there is no author use the title of the pageboy The definition of a wiki is a webpage or set of webpages that can be easily redact by anyone who is allowed access (Edersbach et al. ,2006 ). The overriding goal of a wiki is to become a sh ard repository of familiarity with the knowledge base growing over time (Godwin-Jones, 2003). Chawner and Lewis (2004) noted that a wiki is an example of social softwargon, a type of software that makes it easy for convocations of people to work in a virtual environment. However, Viegas , Wattenberg and Dave (2004) guide that wikis are vulnerable to malicious edits or hooliganism, which can be a problem at may levels. However, Cych (2006) argues that acts of vandalism and mistakes are rectified quite quickly by the self-moderati on processes at work (a couple of sentences expanding on this issue is needed here if I were you Id try and refer to something which discusses the accuracy of wikipedia against the encyclopeadia britannica).As an alternative to the global editing of wikis, restricting access to ushered users only is often utilize for professional, work group wikis. One of the great features of a wiki is its capacity to be able easily editable. A wiki has the capacity to be able to be edited collaboratively rather the instruction presented in wikis know the option to be edited or added utilizing a very rudimentary mark-up computer code that would use a internet explorer or browser.Broken down, one page within a wiki is referred by many as a wiki page as compared to the entire set of wiki pages is called a wiki when taken into consideration (Cunningham Leuf 2001). Thus, it can be extrapolate that a wiki is a collection of information where contributors can contribute collectively and users can access freely information. This has been proven as one of the most convenient or effective web 2. 0 applications in providing accessible and affordable information to students and researchers. One characteristic of a wiki that has made it so popular in sharing and communicating information to students is its ease of usability.Students need not have a degree in computer science or web applications but rather just the passion of sharing distrust and a little bit of patience in order to learn the scripts involved in the programming. They are free and without any need for registration so that users need not have the need to register or pay any amount (Aigrain 2003). It also offers real-time editing and creation so it provides the fortune for students, researchers and faculty with much needed time as they acquire, research, and provide information within the educational institution.To summarize, conflicting blogs, Wikis tend to be more structured and flexible,and, while blogs can be highly personal, wikis are intensely collaborative (Godwin-Jones, 2003). Wikipedia Wikipedia is full blown example of a Wiki. Wikipedia is the pet-project of Wikimedia Foundation which is a non-profit organization that aims to provide encyclopaedia-type information to internet users. Wikipedia has then turned out to become almost a household name, with more than 8,000,000 online articles that is accessible in the internet and is presented in more than 250 languages (it is noteworthy that almost 2,000,000 of those articles are made in English).These articles are peer-developed, rather they are developed and continually improved by researchers, users and experts of a particular field in order to provide the most accurate and up to date information on a given over topic/subject (Hinchcliffe, 2006). Currently, Wikipedia holds just below 610 million words which are approximately 15 quantify more than what Encyclopaedia Britannica holds in these books (Godwin-Jones, 2003).Because of it s nature of being able to be written collaboratively by often anyone that has something to contribute in the page, its fame and usefulness as a resource for information has steadily increased change surface from the start of its creation. Currently Wikipedia is within the top ten websites around the world that is being visited daily by users worldwide (Chawner Lewis, 2004). The name Wikipedia that was developed by Wikimedia is a combination of two words Wiki which points to an online collaborative drive in creating an article or text and Encyclopedia (Godwin-Jones, 2003).But fame is without its critics. Because of Wikipedias astronomical rise and kick in nature, other people critical about these aspects have begun to look closer on wikipedias accuracy, clearcutness with respect to how it is able to present information and reliability for users and researchers alike. Wikipedia has been constantly hounded with comments pertaining to high vulnerability of being vandalized and us ed for spreading wrong information that can be used as reference. However, because of its huge support from users, contributors and sub-programs have begun to address these problems (Chawner Lewis, 2004).In addition to this, there were studies conducted that focused on these two aspects of wikipedia and they showed that in general, Wikipedias instances of vandalism is rather short-lived and is as accurate as any other encyclopaedia, online or hard bound. Because of this it has won such prestigious awards as the Time Person of the year that focused on how Web 2. 0 technologies has furthered and practically galvanized online collaboration and collective effort throughout the world in order to produce learned articles for free.

Religious and Ethnic Groups Essay Example for Free

Religious and Ethnic Groups EssayBuddhism is a ghostly concourse as depicted from the worlds history that began in the 6th century BCE, in todays Northern India. Buddhism was founded by a wealthy man of Indian dysentery call(a)ed Siddhartha Gautama. Siddhartha Gautamas principal(prenominal) concern was to teach people how to realize great spiritual development. These teachings focus on areas worry usance/customs, beliefs, ethics, meditation and philosophy and making people more enlightened Buddha mover to awaken. To the spiritual group boast of a huge following of about 300million across the world including 0. 7 percent of U. S. As religious composition based on U. Ss Census Bureau inscription (Seager, 2012). Buddhism is a religious group that differs broadly from new(prenominal) groups in America. The difference is eminent in the port they carry out various practice. Some examples are worship, beliefs, last, doctrines, and in other routine practices. Buddhism, unlike other religious groups, believes in the existence of only one Supreme Being God. In channel to most groups, Buddhism spirituality is of personal discipline rather than faith in God.A circumstances of differences may be present when attempting to draw a comparison between Buddhism and the other religious groups in America. Buddhists Experience in America Buddhism has received its fair deal of mixed reception from other religious avenue. Some people have good perception and understand their teachings seek to uphold good morals and values. Buddhism also seeks a harmonious co-existence with other people in parliamentary procedure even if they are non practicing the same religion.Others have perceived them as having a bizarre view deeming its operation as cosmos mysterious. Buddhism is unique in conducting their routine religious practices and beliefs. Some religious groups have upheld Buddhism, not as a religion but merely a philosophy (Seager, 2012). They have even incorporated s ome practices like meditation as an art of realization physical and emotional well being as yoga in pursuit of reliving off stress. They have also sorted in some Buddhism cultural element and apply them to perfect their own religions.Contribution and Discrimination of Buddhism Historically in American culture Buddhism has contributed adversely in development of Americas culture. Many Buddhists doctrine and daily routine practices are borrowed and used to blend Americas culture. Example of such practice teachings of how people perceive life and attitude, changed Buddhism has mentored broad Americas scientists and philosophers (Seager, 2012). They borrow ideas from Buddhism teachings. Some of the ways in which Buddhism is practiced in America accept stress reduction treatment.In addition, famous movies and songs based on Buddhism, such as Seven age in Tibet, Little Buddha, The Matrix, and Star Wars, has helped the advertisement industry. Another instance is the Master Card commer cial that shows an impression of Woman Meditating. There is an increasing number of Americans who visit the Buddhist temples and also practice meditation in privacy. Buddhist Fellowship organization is a very large group that promotes peace, environmental advocacy, and conducts homeless and prison outreach.Buddhism has experienced discrimination minimally compared to other religious groups. Discrimination happens within its own religion and culture primarily against Buddhist women. All Buddhist women are ordained to follow laws and disciplines such as bhikkhunis. However, Buddhist nuns have come together to fight for their rights. The source of this prejudice was because the Buddhist nuns have increased in number and they want to eliminate them from the religion. Buddhism has helped me learn about meditation which can be used in reducing stress and as a way of relaxing. Asiatic Ethnic Group The Asiatic American comprises of a 5% of the American population (Espiritu, 2011). In the recent years, the Asian heathenish group is considered among the speedy growing group in America. The Americans refer to subgroups such as the Chinese, Filipino, Indians, Koreans, Japanese and Vietnamese. Most Asian Americans were innate(p) in America while others have been the immigrants who have settled in America. Asian differs from the other ethnic groups because from history Asians have continued to follow their religions, unlike many other groups.The Asian Americans are know for their diligence, strong family values and their respect for education, authority, and discipline unlike any other ethnic group in America. Asian American Contribution and Discrimination The Asian American has contributed greatly in the formation of American society. These contributions include constructions of railway, joining the military and protecting the Americans. Asians have also contributed in creating internet sites such as youtube and yahoo. The Asians have influenced other areas like fashi on, religion, science and culture.For instance, the kung fu culture of the Chinese is greatly employed in Hollywood while creating action movies. Acts of discrimination towards Asian Americans in America are similar to other nonage group. This racial discrimination bars the Asian American from participating in politics (Espiritu, 2011). The reason Asian Americans are discriminated against is Americans consider them foreigners. In conclusion, Buddhism is an Asian practice which the Asian have practiced almost all their lives, but this practice came to be known only in recent years.Discrimination of Asian Americans means that their religion, cultures, and practices are discriminated against. Buddhism is different from Asian Ethnic group because Buddhism is a practice done by the Asian communities. Discrimination should never be practiced in America because America is a multicultural society and the majority of people in America are citizens by birth. References Espiritu, Y. L. (2011). Asian American pan ethnicity Bridging institutions and identities. Philadelphia temple University Press. Seager, R. H. (2012). Buddhism in America. New York Columbia University Press.

Special Educational Needs Essay Example for Free

Special educational Needs EssayThis is a transition time for Special educational Needs and Disabilities new order in the form of a green paper Support and ambitiousness is advancing through the necessary stages and considerable changes be promised to be implemented by 2014. An understanding of the diachronic perspective and the future proposals contained in Support and Aspiration go forth therefore be helpful.Definitions (From the current SEN encrypt of practice 2001)The disciplineal Act 1981 laid down a legal definition of Special Educational Needs in schools. That definition was repeated in the Educational Act 1993 and in the consolidation Education Act 1996. According to law1. A minor has special educational needs if he or she has a learning trouble which calls for special educational provision to be made for him or her.2. A child has a learning difficulty if he or shea) has a significantly greater difficulty in learning than the majority of children of the same age b) has a disability which either prevents or hinders the child from making use of educational facilities of a kind provided for children of the same age in schools within the field of the local education authorityc) is under five and falls within the definition at (a) or (b) above.The following children fall outside the legal definition of Special Educational Needsa) Those whose language at home is different from the language in which they atomic number 18 taught at schoolb) gifted childrenAnticipated changesSummarized from https//www.education.gov.uk/publications/eOrderingDownload/ ballpark- reputation-SEN.pdfThe Green Paper, Support and Aspiration A new approach to special educational needs and disability, sets out the political sympathiess intention to radically reform the current outline for identifying, assessing and supporting children and green people who are disabled or have SEN, and their families.The Green Paper proposals and the Governments wider reforms in educatio n and health will make the best use of limited resources through better planning, streamlining assessment processes, making the system less adversarial and focusing on achieving better outcomes.Reforms are already being tested through local pathfinders, developing the knowledge and skills that will be needed for their successful implementation, and making sure that the right measures are in place to hold services to account. The lessons learnt from the pathfinders will help shape the changes.In the Green Paper the government pledges by 2014 to introduce A single assessment process which is more streamlined, better involves children, young people and families and is completed quickly An Education, Health and Care Plan which brings services together and is focused on improving outcomes and An offer of a personal budget for families with an Education, Health and Care Plan.The government intends to introduce legislation through a Children and Families Bill to implement the changes t o the law required for the Green Paper reforms. A selective service bill will be published in summer 2012 for consultation and pre-legislative scrutiny.ApplicationIt is not stock-still clear how the changes will impact schools or what adjustments will be required in administration and grass-roots provision. Tutors will inform students of changes as they emerge.

The Ruins by Scott Smith Essay Example for Free

The Ruins by Scott Smith EssayThe Ruins by Scott Smith is a remarkably thrilling aversion novel published in 2006, which has been transformed into a major motion picture in 2008 with a similar title. Scott Smith is an American writer who was educated at Dartm turn outh College and Columbia University. His style of writing more or less has this immense power that can invisibly hold anybody in suspense. Racing by means of pages , readers will not be able to put the book low-spirited until they find out what happens next, even after expense eight or nine hours of adaptation time. With its disturbing sense of horror and the feeling of reality unite with a mystery that can hardly be solved, The Ruins will definitely appeal to young race especially teenagers, whose curiosity can often lead them to plenty of endless yet dangerous adventures.This is a spine-chilling recital about a group of basketball team young Americans on vacation, who are passing through a densely dark jungl e, leading their agencys from Coba an extremely remote area of Mexico to a Mayan village. The pleasure and laughter of a day trip starts to twist into an absolute nightmare, as they bump themselves into some antique ruins in the middle of nowhere. Once they have made their steps up the ruins, crossing the border amid a hill and an empty clearing, they had no choice but to keep going without turning back. perfectly becoming captive on this hilltop with almost no food, no water, no shelters or support, the five young adults have to find another way to survive, if not making their ways back land and getting killed by the Mayans rifles and bows. With plenty of human corpses being disc everyplaceed later on, whom died with their flesh and b stars ripped into pieces by tons of green vines and a type of blood-red flowers, the Americans slowly realise that it is the end of their journey, where only oddment can put a full stop to everything. After days of trying escape, hoping and fig hting against nature, one die after another, leaving no marks of their arrival, with their body being buried deep down into the Earth, covered with the long green vines, which have revealed themselves to a cold blooded killer.Being set out in the wild of Mexico, the story has the smell of a humid day with rough soil, damp trees mug and wild flowers, lingering in the air. The entire environment densely covered with trees shades and flourishing undergrowths seems to move around so alive through Scott Smiths descriptive writing. With the routine of vivid adjectives and lively details, depicting a vibrant but lethal outcast of a Mexican jungle, the author has succeeded in creating a three dimensional setting, where readers senses can be fully awakened.Personally, I was completely amazed by how realistic the setting seemed when reading the novel. I could easily imagine the eerie atmosphere surrounding the events when passing through ceilings of canopies and the exhaustion of a hot a nd dusty summer day. I could feel the grip of fright and terror in their escapes from the deadly vines with their burning acidic sap, or the pain drilling through their skins as the vines pull away their strips of flesh.The way Scott Smith has maintained the suspense and tension through out the whole novel is magnificent with the use of short sentences, together with applying flows of characters face-to-face thinking. Besides, he has gone into describing in detail how the fear of each character travelled through different stages. This effect has successfully driven the readers to race through lines and to flap over pages as fast as possible. There have been times when I felt like memory my breath, pushing myself to finish another page, which just kept going. Moreover, the method of eliminating the use of chapters or parts, keeping the story moving is indeed, very clever. Scott Smith has managed to fascinate readers, particularly, myself, making them to keep reading on and on and stepwise get swept into an endless journey full of horror and panic.Finally, as strange as it might sound, it is the frustration caused by the immaturity and impatience of the characters, which indeed, keeps me interested until the very end of the novel. By including different personal thoughts of different characters along the story lines, the author has portrayed very realistically how stupidly people at the very early stage of their lives, without much experience and self-control, would react under such circumstances. For example, how the two effeminate characters kept panicking and blaming themselves as well as others for their current situation or how the group leader, so impatiently and blindly, led everyone into a path that had been covered and hidden on purpose at the beginning. In the end, it is a very valuable lesson about patience, care and teamwork which has been embraced by Scott Smith.With the great fear that will long patronize its readers, The Ruins should be cons idered to be not only one of the first top ten books but in like manner one of the best horror novels of the century, which has made its way through many other great publications to be one of the National Bestsellers of the United States.

Information Systems Essay Example for Free

Information schemes EssayThis facility is one of the most leading and advanced(a) wellnessc ar organizations. It fork outs a full spectrum of healthc be and wellness programs without North and South Carolina. Our diverse lucre of more than 650 care locations accepts academic medical centers, hospitals, healthcare pavilions, physician practices, destination centers, surgical and rehabilitation centers, mob health agencies, nursing homes, and hospice and palliative care.Carolinas health care System executes to improve and enhance the overall health and wellbeing of its communities through high gear quality patient care, education and research programs, and a variety of collaborative partnerships and initiatives. Carolinas HealthCare System is an outgrowth of a fraternity hospital originally founded in 1940. Since that time Carolinas HealthCare System has grown into one of the nations largest and most comprehensive systems, with more than 48,000 employees, more than 6,200 commissioned beds (acute care and post-acute care), and an annual budget exceeding $6. billion (comparable to many Fortune 500 companies).Premier facilities include Levine Cancer Institute, Levine Childrens Hospital, Sanger Heart Vascular Institute, CMC Neurology and The Transplant Center. Other specialties include maternity (regular and high risk), assisted reproduction, interventional oncology, radiation therapy, minimally invasive surgery, and many others. Through careful integration of services, Carolinas HealthCare System has built some of the nations largest accredited multi-hospital networks for treatment of stroke and heart attack.Ultimately, our success is mulish not by the buildings we construct, but by the investment we make in the people and programs that shore severally new facility to life. We are providing a broad framework of support that enables extraordinary professionals to bring caring, commitment, one and teamwork to a vitally important healing mission. T he motivating force behind all of this activity is fulfilling our tariff to meet community needs. Each of our hospitals is locally managed by a hospital administrator who makes ecisions that affect individually hospital.Carolinas HealthCare System (CHS) is governed by a group of people who are dedicated to serving our community by providing the healthcare resources needed for our growing region. The Board of Commissioners and Advisors meets on a regular basis to check up on policies and procedures, as well as current and changing healthcare rules and regulations for our state and nation that impact how we provide these services. Below are the members of these committees. CHS uses electronic pictures which is called Canopy.Canopy is Carolinas HealthCare Systems electronic medical record program, formerly called (EPACT). It is one of our most critical strategic initiatives and a significant leap forward to fill out our ability to improve clinical outcomes, ensure patient safety, and enhance our delivery of quality care through technology. All physicians and mid-level providers give use the electronic system for tasks such as CPOE, Medication Management and integrated Electronic Documentation. Transcription services will not change. The information that is dictated now may be dictated on and after conversion to CPOE.The expectation is that dictation will not increase, but will decrease over time. The physicians and nurses all play a big part in the facility. They use the information systems to document the health concerns of the patients, and to also transmit the information to documents that can be easily read and understood. legion(predicate) employees use the system to add, obtain, and program the patient records and personal information. Carolinas Healthcare System provides convenient outpatient programs in physical, occupational and speech therapies throughout Mecklenburg and surrounding counties.We are also leaders in the field of workers compensatio n and vocational rehabilitation, aiding patients at their workplaces and supportering them regain work skills if an injury or illness interferes with employment. Functional Capacity Evaluations are used to ascertain if a patient may return to work roaringly. Designed to accelerate each(prenominal) patients recovery efforts, our outpatient facilities are staffed by accredited specialists utilizing the most advanced equipment and techniques available.With an extensive network of outpatient centers throughout the region, we are always within reach of individuals seeking therapy, and skilled at providing the care, support and confidence vital to successful rehabilitation. The facility is very discrete with the way they access their records. Everyone has a to login to a secure network to bring up the sites for the employees to use. With more than 30 hospitals and more than 600 other care locations, CHS is strongly committed to robust electronic medical record (EMR) solutions.The goal is to guarantee that a patients most recent information is rapidly and securely available to all the medical providers who need it. This enables everyone on the care team to better coordinate and personalize treatments. Every patient encounter is electronically documented. For that reason, physicians at any point of contact can quickly research and gauge possible drug interactions, avoid or treat allergic reactions, or reckon the possible impact of previous injuries or surgeries. Having all of this information immediately accessible not only when saves time, it helps a patients record speak for them if necessary.Carolinas HealthCares Information Services Department worked with fate-department physicians and Cerner Corp. (NASDAQCERN), its electronic-health-record vendor, to design the single-order initiation computer application. The streamlined order-en cause process was piloted in 2011 at CMC-Northeast, a Concord hospital that has one of the busiest emergency departments in North Carolina. It was launched simultaneously with the rollout of the health-care systems electronic-health-record initiative which features computerized physician-order entry.During the pilot, order entries were reduced by most 2. 5 minutes per patient. That will save more than 2,600 physician hours per year. This facility has many positives about the employees and the site. I would like to be a part of this facility so I could put my skills to work and help the community have healthier people. Some of the strengths about the system are that it is very secure. There is a login for every employee to access in order to get in. Some of the downsides are that many others may try to hack the system and breach every ones privacy.It is important to have a secure system to treasure the patients rights and information. It is possible to obtain policies, procedures, brochures, and training at this facility. They even provide different schools to educate their employees, and the new indivi duals that necessity to pursue a career with them. This would be a great company for interested people to work at. It is very important that they show that their interests are in the wellbeing of their employees and newcomers.

Sociological Theories Essay Example for Free

Sociological Theories EssayMills was able to shift his focus to discover how pile influence others based on external social forces that shape personal experiences. Mills definition of the sociological resourcefulness wholeowed for the ability for others to see the imp modus operandi of social forces on various(prenominal)s private and familiar affiliations. done Mills establishment of the sociological humor, a perspective on devotion could then be observed by viewing unearthly institutions as merely a product of social foundations (Dandaneau, 146). In Steven P.Dandaneaus book, Taking it Big, Developing Sociological Consciousness in post in advance(p)istist Times, the analysis of chapter seven entitled, Religion and Society- Of Gods and Demons, becomed an assessment which viewed the nature of faith as a social institution. The under endorseing of religion at bottom a friendship creates a structural analysis of patterns and beliefs that atomic number 18 replicate d with the maturement of social establishments and be maintained within a community by linking social institutions directly to a religious belief. Structural analysis, that is, systematic thinking about how patterns of breeding and belief are reproduced across clock time and space such that social institutions- composed of roles, positions, groups, norms, values, and rituals- are created and maintained, thereby building and rebuilding society (Dandaneau, 145). Therefore, we whoremaster conclude that social institutions help to spurtulate the individual within society by establishing the roles endorsed through the institutional framework.As an yield, institutions and the individuals within it, consequently determine the structure of a society through using religion as a embodied social enterprise (Dandaneau, 146). This establishment of social enterprise requires unique usance and practices in raise to maintain social cohesiveness within a specific religious institute. to each one religious society is then able to rowulate distinct internal divisions that allow for individuals to develop a sociological sight within a religious society (Dandaneau, 148).Through a diachronic context, religion has always been a product of kind-hearted existence. Various religious institutions practiced at once are an outcome of recent biography after the shift away from Aminism. The transformations within the human consciousness arose as a result from the combination of urbanization and modernity. Through a more urbanized and contemporary society, the growth of the human population was abundant and inevitable. As a result, religion was then used as a form of material comfort for a new, emerging, and suffering population evolving within human archives (Dandaneau, 150).Religion prevails today amongst people within a particular culture because of the ability for religions to reproduce themselves based on adaptations make from the establishment of modernization (Danda neau, 150). However, the use of religion as a means of social intensify does non necessarily enhance or diminish societal modifications within a structured society. The sociological imagination was an outcome presented by religion partially because of the intrusion of sciences and nature within the development of the scientific revolution. These imagined responses are understandable, at least on sociological grounds, because never before had humans been so influenced by the scientific revolution. (Dandaneau, 157). This skepticism of religion was a contributor to the initial elaborateness of the sociological imagination presented by Mills. Through the use of the sociological imagination today, a dystopian and dying world is presented. For Mills, religion had lost its inviolate substance and its ability to inspire current members.As an outcome of this, Mills offered the immanent critique, which is the involvement of a groups own principles against them, and the inspiration for t hem to adjudge their own individualized ideas. Immanent critiqueentails using a groups own principles against them and encouraging them to live up to their own cherished ideals (Dandaneau, 159). In conclusion, through the sociological imagination, Mills is able to determine the structure, history, and the society that prevails within a religious union.The meaning of religion within a communal setting is bound by social experiences. contempt Mills views that the world is dystopian and dying, he summarizes the sociological imagination is evidently an insufficient form of comfort and that these devout experiences create a critical aspect in religious self-development through two an individual and a community perspective. Religions status and meaning for todays worldis a grammatical case that requires the sociological imagination because the sociological imagination is located at the crossroads of social structure, history, and biography. (Dandaneau, 156). In Steven P. Dandaneaus ac count in chapter nine, The End of History, he analyzes an outlook presented to emphasize that our history is simply the palpableity in which we live in. This present reality is defined by former historical events that progress to contributed to creating and institutionalizing an objective and collective memory of the past. Through his concept of the sociological imagination, he demonstrates his conviction that history and biography should be united together rather than seperated.In relation to Mills theory, the whole purpose of developing the sociological imagination is to simplify involvement in history making, not of history coming to an end. Through the expansion of social structure created by the sociological imagination, the medias portrayal of historical events impacts the expansion of social transplant though changing perceptions within the lives of the individual. Through the changes in perception within the lives of an individual, as stated by Mills, we create intricate connections between the patterns of their own lives and the historical level of reality. (Dandaneau, 198). Therefore, the sociological imagination commodenot be reenacted through mere simulations or second hand accounts of individual experiences because of the breachure to confront present humanity. In order to understand the structure of a particular society in history, we must understand the demise of the sociological imagination and how it is applied to existing historical accounts. Through the admission of the industrial revolution and modernity came the introduction of time and space that was initially introduced as clock time(Dandaneau, 200).This mechanical means of measuring sack moments was incorporated into all social life within industrial society. With the industrial revolution came clock time, which is root in a mechanical means of measuring passing moments and that was used to regiment work and, indeed, all social life (Dandaneau, 200). Through this idea, the perce ption of time and space is historically and socially structured through being a product of culture.Through time and space in relation to history, together they make for primary media through which societies bottomland then be regulated. Time and space are socially make and ethnically conceived, and they represent primary media through which societies are integrated and regulated. Through the use of history, human beings have been able to document societal structures based on the idea of learning and understanding past historical events. Through this, individuals can assume that history is continual and it affects all members within a society.As a result of absent facts about history, Mills finds that our society has no direction to our immediate history or current historical situations (Dandaneau, 216). This is taskatic because with the end of history, it is difficult to develop a sociological imagination within a single self-consciousness (Dandaneau, 218). Consequently though, there are varieties of people who prevail contempt the idea of the ending of history. Minority groups have a strong interest in history because they are engaged in a constant struggle for equality.Due to injustices and inequalities, minority groups look back on their history of struggles to determine solutions and to find courage to fight for individualism (Dandaneau, 219). Social and political change can be made possible through the ownership of the sociological imagination through an analysis of history. Without this analysis, history will end. Unfortunately, because of outside portrayals of history presented through social media, the end of history faces unpredictable challenges because our societys institutions are both the solution and the root of postmodern societal problems.It is up to the individual who possesses the sociological imagination to make the realization that postmodern culture is merely a developed hyper reality created through the inaccurate depictions of ou r human history. Through ideological distortion and as a result of its inflection through the commode media, history is today on life supportit is the task of the possessor of the sociological imagination to act as if his or her exaggeration is not yet true (Dandaneau, 222).In conclusion, this chapter emphasizes the necessity for access to real historiography (reason) and the means to participate in radical social change (freedom) rather than inaccurate representations of history through the media and other social institutions. Mills sociological imagination allowed him to look at history as a continuing process in order to reach the full understanding of society. Consequently, individuals within our postmodern society fail to intersect with the problem to end history because of the inability to change social institutions.As a result of this, the structure of human history is distorted through mass media. This makes the task of lieu ourselves within current history difficult becau se of the misrepresented comprehension about our past. The problem of the degradation of the public sphere intersects with the problem of the end of history because without a space in which to act toward and fundamentally change postmodern social institutions, a democratic history cannot be effected (Dandaneau, 223).In chapter ten, Sociology without Society, Steven P. Dandaneau begins by reflecting that the impact of working against the sociological imagination exists for more reasons besides the degradation of public life and the loss of history. He states that within sociology itself (Dandaneau, 225) the sociological imagination follows the complex relationship between altering social structures and frequent individual occurrences within structured social institutions. So what exactly does this mean?The arrangement of sociology without scrutinizes that are derived from collective life and the self-consciousness of others within everyday life ends in the development of sociology wi thout society. Sociology (according to Dandaneaus accounts from Alan Wolfe) studies the moral basis of society when according to his opinion, Sociology should be a study of people as they interact and relate with other people, and sociologists fail in this obligation to study peoples complex and morally dependent relationships with others (Dandaneau, 226).This idea of sociology without society is made even more prevalent through the works of Mills sociological imagination. in spite of Mills evident transference of emotions through conveying an understanding of a society, Mills spend little time actively engaged with actual members (Dandaneau, 226). This view of society, the practice of the sociological imagination to create a civil society is The product of a sociological perspective that attends primarily to the workings of the modern state and the capitalist market or the integration of both systems working together (Dandaneau, 227).In postmodern times however, a civil society i s thought to be maintained through moral rules versed from childhood experiences carried into adulthood (Dandaneau, 228). The sociological imagination is threatened today by any effort to extirpate its pragmatic background (Dandaneau, 229). Ignoring the pragmatic background denies the importance of society itself thus, the practice of a sociologically meaningful story derived from an accurate historical event is dowsed with the awareness of practicing sociology without society.Through this idea, Mills created a portrait of people that he describes through interactions between people within specific social settings. He (Mills) focused tutelage on the relationship between these individual lives and the changing structure of American capitalist society-its class system, scientific shifts, racial segregation, and the social policies that have affected all of these (Dandaneau, 235). This type of society, and the various types of people in it, can be understand if the type of the soc ial problem is identified.This could create a reconstruction of our social system, we stand a chance of restructuring our social systems in such a way as to eliminate the problem as it is experienced in civil society (Dandaneau, 235). If social problems are derived from social institutions, and people have the ability to form moral bonds with others for civil societies, then it can be concluded that individuals who possess a sociological imagination have the ability for structural change. Even though Mills practiced sociology without society, he deemed it possible to retain a strong connection to people despite the lack of an empirical connection.As emphasized from a passage in chapter ten, The possessor of the sociological imagination is as much concerned with ideas as facts the trick is to bring them into a meaningful relation to one another (Dandaneau, 239). Through the possession of a sociological imagination, the division of sociological labor provides a historical totality of social and cultural experiences (Dandaneau, 239). The sociological imagination also is a form of self-consciousness that displays the complexities of the world through conceptualization.Mills final assertion is that civil society has not disappeared altogether (Dandaneau, 240) and that people must be understood for existing as moral agents, and social beings with moral rules and obligations. In closing, three questions regarding structure, human history, and varieties of people within it, are all parts of Mills perspective within the sociological imagination.

Different cultures Essay Example for Free

Different polishs EssayIn the past, contrastive cultures lead been develop in various moods and in different separate of the serviceman. These cultures put one across been influencing the living styles of various nations in the world. It is now very important that different countries be grouped according to their heathenish beliefs and civilization e. g. European communities will share those cultures which will differentiate them from those citizenry who are coming from China or Africa. It is believed that those cultural deflexions of people in the world will run into based on where and how an individual was cultured. This is mainly the clash of civilization, the concept of Harvard professor Samuel Huntington. This is because people from different parts have ways on which they were civilized and they have different views on the way they view about life,the way they relate to one another(prenominal)(prenominal) and on their various religious beliefs. We have moved int o a world in which civilisation, few seven or eight of them, and defined much as Arnold Toynbee and some other scholars defined them in the first half of this century,are the building blocks of the new world order Huntington added.Also near people these eld are traveling a lot and therefore the interaction between people from different parts of the world and of different civilization is increasing. These interactions of different people from different civilizations has increased the awareness that this kind of inconsistency in culture exists all over the world, Africa immigration will generate hostility when they settle on European or Asiatic nations. This is typically due to the clash in their culture.A pastoral whose culture is completely different from another has a problem in investing in a exotic land as compared to those other rivals in the similar land. This is because most countries fear to give investment license or such countries due to different ways in their cult ural beliefs. The process of economic using and socialization has also resulted in the clash on the ways people live. Samuel Huntington once said,Pattern of alternate will be decisively influnced by pattern of culture. The different religious beliefs in most of the different cultures is an practice session of this.We find that there are various types of religions in the world today. These are Christianity, Judaism, Buddhism, Hinduism and Islam. some other reason which brought about the clash in different culture was the way in which people in different parts of the world viewed about civilization. Many communities found civilization rather hard to dupe because it had other believes and cultures which clashed with their original beliefs. This made different communities to quit the idea of civilization of adopting the western culture and refilling it with their original beliefs.De-westernization has therefore been seen in many non-western countries. ( http//www. bintjbeil. com/ articles/en/d-huntington. html). The cultural beliefs of people originating from different parts of the world are very hard to adopt to the same culture unlike other things such as economic and political ones. This is because cultural beliefs of more than two nations are not compatible, rather they are opposition. For example a political system of one state of matter can be adopted by another country precisely the religious issues are far more complex to be adopted system one country to anothere.g. Muslims are very hard to change and start believing in Christianity but they will be very easily convinced to accept to change and adopt other countrys leadership styles. People of the same civilization have also been known to spur economic growth. This has mostly been witnessed in Europe, East Asia and North the States. The development of the nations living in this regions usually is because these people have the same civilization and almost the same beliefs in terms of their cultur e and their social lifestyles.A country like japan on the other hand who entirely have different civilization has set about a lot of hurdles in their economic development. Their lifestyles and its cultural beliefs have been known to be clashing with that of its neighbors and therefore making it hard for them to get a business partner with the same interests and beliefs. Thus reduce the rate of their growth. (Ghost, 2003) Yes Huntingtons point of view is supported. This is because there are numerous conflicting issues on people living in different parts of the world today.Huntington described an era in which people everyplace define themselves in cultural terms, a world in which cultural identities are central. in that location is a pre-dominant clash of ideas between the religious communities. This is because there is a split between the western Christianity, Jewish-Orthodox and the Muslims. These difference are traced to have occurred in the year 1500. There were cultural line s which were traced to have been the source to the different cultural belief of these communities.The people who were living to the west and the north of the line were protestant and others were Catholics. They were economically well up of than those who were living to the East. The differences and the conflict of various issues between western and Islamic civilization has been going on for almost 140 years. This was mainly due to the attempt by the westerners to introduce Christianity in the Islamic region which face up a lot of oppositions mainly because various issues regarding the beliefs and norms of Muslims culture were conflicting with those of the Christians.The relationships existing between Japan and America has of late worsened so much. This is mainly due to the culture differences which will result to economic conflicts. The attitudes, and the way people relate to each other between the two societies are very mush different. As compared to the European nations, the eco nomic issue between United States and Japan are very serious. This is because the economic difference in culture between United States and the European nations is far much less as compared to those of Japan civilization.Japanese civilization is very much different because their geographical location is far away as compared to the geographical location dividing America from European nations. This has resulted to a very different type of culture universe developed in Japan which on the other hand conflict with that of Americans. ( Edwards, Glover, 2001). According to Huntington, East Asian economic success has its source in East Asian culture. Culture and civilization have also influenced economies of various countries. Chinese economy ha been enormously growing within the last 15 years than that of Japan.These growth in the Chinas economy has been a result of almost the same culture and civilization china enjoyed with its immediate neighbors. Unlike Japan who did not have some cult ural resemblance with other nations, china had almost the same cultural beliefs with most of the developing nations in Asia. These countries accommodate Taiwan-which are very much advanced in technological issues, Hong Kong which is known for the creativity and marketing strategies, capital of Singapore which is very rich in communication technology.All these three have the same civilization as that of China and therefore they can understand each other in terms of being profession partners, carrying out investment and also respecting each others religious beliefs. (Murshed, 2002) The increase in population among the various countries in the world has resulted to the migration of people. This has mainly occurred in countries particular those living in the Northern part of Africa. The communities living in these parts are then forced to move to western Europe.This movement has resulted to development of other cultures in these countries. These then leads to instability in the norma l social life of the citizens in the country both religiously and culturally. The results might be emergence of racism which might cause violence in the country.Reference Edwards, Rusalind Glover Judith. luck and Citizenship key issues in welfare. New York. Routledge, 2001. Ghost, B. N. Contemporary issues in Development Economics. New York. Routledge, 2003 The clash of civilizations. Samuel Huntington. September 1993. Bint Jbeil. 22/10/2007.http//www.bintjbeil.com/articles/en/d-huntington.html

Malcom X and Martin Luther King Jr. Essay Example for Free

Malcom X and Martin Luther tabby Jr. bear witnessMartin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X be very prominent African American individuals throughout history. They fought for what they stood for provided in many different ways. As we all know in history there are no two great hands that are alike. Their many beliefs may have blossomed from the households they came from and how they grew up. King grew up in a middle class family and was well educated. While, Malcolm X grew up in an underprivileged surround that was very hostile with barely any schooling. Martin Luther King Jr. was always against violence, throughout his entire ministry. He always stood his ground, and he stood out because eventhough he may have been physically attacked, he never reacted with violence. Martin Luther King Jr. followed the Christian faith. Malcolm X was a Muslim, and acceptd in Muslim principles. His most famous line was By any Means Necessary. He believed in fighting back physically.Whatever had to be through with(p) to get freedom he was all for it whether it be violence or nonviolence. Although later in smell he visited Jerusalem, and met other Muslims. He changed his views, and became nonviolent. Both Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr. had uncompromising love for their people. They some(prenominal) wanted see ghastly people in the best possible position. They were both(prenominal) religious figures that utilise religious to provide structure, morality, courage, determination and unity in Black people. They were both killed before they reached their 40th birthday.They both stood 4 freedom,they were both assassinated and they both liked Afro-American women.Different religions but both were men of god. Malcolm X was a Muslim and Martin Luther King jr was a Christian. Malcolm X was a Black nationalists and Garveyite.Malcolm X did not believe in an integrated society between Blacks and Whites. Malcolm X believed that Black people should build a knowledge base for thems elves controlled by themselves that specifically addressed the needs and desires unique to Black people. MLK wanted his movement to be peaceful, maculation X was a radical extremist who wanted A.A. rights to be violent..Martin Luther King wanted to get things fulfil without aggression or violence, and Malcolm X did not. Martin Luther King wanted every unrivaled to coexist peacefully and wanted to be counted as an equal, and Malcolm X wanted there to be a clear segregation of the White people and Black people in America, with different areas for each to live, because he felt that they would never get along. Martin Luther King Jr was an integrationist.He believe in one American society based upon the promises of the founding fathers of America that all men were created equal and had the right to life liberty and the pursuit of happiness. He believed that it was Black peoples right to be frontmost class citizens of America and all that it entailed. After Malcolm X left the Nation of Islam he went to Mecca to complete one of the five pillars of Islam which is El Hajj The holy pilgrimage. After that experience he begin to take on a world view against injustice and tyranny everywhere. Martin Luther King jr take on a kindred stance sparked by the Vietnam war. He too saw the importance of fighting injustice worldwide.

The Role of the Teacher Essay Example for Free

The Role of the Teacher EssayPerhaps the most all important(predicate) f souror in the learnedness environment is the teacher. This is because the most successful and accessible form of input for the learners in the learning environment is introduced by that of the teacher. The reason for this is some(prenominal)what obvious as the teacher is the primary pore and authority in the direction of any precondition covering fireic. After all, they are there to teach. Essentially, when teachers talk in class they provide the learners with opportunities to develop and expand their comprehension in parity to the given up subject. That is to say, that the teachers have the acquaintance and it is their ultimate subroutine to distribute this familiarity to the learners. However, this also extends to the significance of the zone of proximal development and the agency of keeping the class focused. In relation to didactics English, the teacher can optimise this opportunity in choo sing the relevant levels of vocabulary, structure, speed of delivery, degree of clarity, and range of register and style required in relation to the given topic.However, as we have concerned ourselves here, the delivery of teaching has come under scrutiny due to the aforementioned(prenominal) criticisms regarding testing in a formalised manner. This is particularly significant when the role of knowledge acquisition and stem kinetics mentioned in the last section are taken into account. We will now return to some of the literature, theory and practise associated with the role of the teacher in the learning environment. The teacher is often perceived by children and learners as the attraction of the learning environment.Essentially, they are perceived as the role model in relation to the learning process and therefore the group dynamic (Dornyei, 2003). There has been a great deal of enquiry related to the nature of group dynamics in teaching that have indicated that without the un derstanding and/or action of the group dynamic, the teacher can unintentionally manipulate an environment that is not conducive to development and in many cases destructive with regards to learning outcomes. This is clearly a problem in relation to the criticisms associated with tests in the coeval domain.The reason for this becomes apparent and can be seen in the theory and research related to group dynamics and the role of the teacher in the learning environment. For example, Hadfield indicates that the perception of the teacher as a leader and/or role model is in some way detached from the learning environment and the group dynamic. Further, to act upon this perception is given as a hugely significant disruptive factor in learning as it compromises the learners identity and inclination to disclose information by way of input. This is given by Hadfield explaining thatFrom the point of view of emotional orientation, many teachers are not unlike the other members in their class g roups. Great deals of the psychological processes that underlie group formation apply to teachers as well. For this reason, it may be particularly important for you at this stage to take part in the class room events as ordinary group members by joining as much as is feasible some of the sorbet breaking activities and, in a reciprocal fashion, sharing some ain information about yourself with the students. (Hadfield, 1992, p. 17)In this key extract, a need for the teacher to acknowledge their position within, quite than above, the group dynamic is clearly outlined. Further, their role in providing group cohesion and productivity from within the group dynamic is given as essential to a cohesive group. From this perspective, we can assume that without knowledge of group dynamics and their throw role within the group, the teacher would not realise their significance in the cohesion of the group and the need for extending and organize the focus of the class. This clearly has disru ptive implications.Essentially, if the teacher were to perceive themselves as a leader and distributor of knowledge they may drag the group along leaving many of the group behind. The contrary positive set up of negating this form of teacher role are given by the findings of Broadfoot, who suggests that Many pupils have found the opportunity of talking with their teachers on a one-to-one basis about achievements, experiences, needs and appropriate future targets a rewarding and helpful experience that has a positive effect on their motivation (Broadfoot et al, 1988).This shows that the role of teaching is significant in the nature of learning English. It indicates that the teacher is more than a distributor of predefined tests. It shows that although they are the leader of the learning environment, they should be immersed in it and be responsive to the inputs, goals and directions put forward by the children. This means that rather than maintaining a focus on testing the children, they should attempt to derive a focus and aim through and through following the feedback from the group. This means that continuous re-assessment rather than pre-defined testing is the primary tool to be used by the teacher.However, while we can by chance reject the notion of a teacher role based upon top down input at this stage, we must still take into account the direction of learning. That is to say, that it would be unwise to allow the children and learners to simply guide the class outright and have the teacher allow the group to rank the class. For example, as well as losing focus and a sense of established knowledge, the children may form their own groups based upon friendships and other bonds that may disrupt the focus of learning and the acquiring new knowledge.We can perhaps view the teachers role as one looking to authentically allow for personal expression and social bonding. However, it must also be focused upon the input deriving from the class. If this is not obs erved then it is the suggestion at this point that it would be highly likely that there would be level success in terms of acquired knowledge and a disruption to the process of input. It is with that we turn to the alternative forms of pencil lead and assessing the focus of the group in the learning environment.